中国麻风皮肤病杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 175-179.doi: 10.12144/zgmfskin202503175

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

食物依赖运动诱发过敏反应二例并文献复习

周鑫1,2,晏洪波1,陈小强1   

  1. 1中部战区总医院，湖北武汉，430070；2南昌市中心医院，江西南昌，330038
  • 出版日期:2025-03-15 发布日期:2025-03-03

Two cases of food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis and literature review

ZHOU Xin1,2, YAN Hongbo1, CHEN Xiaoqiang1   

  1. 1 Central Theater General Hospital, Wuhan 430070, China; 2 Nanchang Central Hospital, Nanchang 330038, China
  • Online:2025-03-15 Published:2025-03-03

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摘要： 目的：报道2例食物依赖运动诱发过敏反应，并检索分析既往文献，总结该病特点和治疗方法。方法：对我科2例及在知网和万方数据库检索到的95例食物依赖运动诱发过敏反应患者的病例资料进行回顾性分析，包括患者病史、临床表现、治疗等。结果：97例患者中男51例，女46例，平均年龄37岁（7～71岁），过敏发作的次数为1～14次，所有患者在发病前均有过运动史，剧烈运动如跑步后发病比率为59.0%。发病时的临床表现主要涉及皮肤和黏膜系统（100%）。97例患者中诱发食物为小麦88例（90.7%）。给予肾上腺素、抗组胺类药物、糖皮质激素等治疗后所有患者症状均缓解。结论：小麦是最常见的致敏食物，跑步是最常见的诱发运动，皮肤、黏膜最常累及。肾上腺素和糖皮质激素是食物依赖运动诱发过敏反应急性发作的一线治疗。

关键词: 食物依赖运动诱发过敏反应, 小麦依赖运动诱发的过敏反应

Abstract: Objective: To report two cases of food-dependence exercise-induced anaphylaxis, and to summarize the characteristics and treatment methods of the disease after searching the literature. Methods: The data of two cases in our department and 95 cases of food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis from CNKI and Wanfang database were retrospectively analyzed, including medical history, clinical manifestations and treatment. Results: Among the 97 patients, there were 51 males and 46 females with an average age of 37 years (7-71 years). All patients had a history of exercise before the onset of the disease, and 59.0% had severe exercise such as running. The clinical manifestations at the time of onset mainly involved skin and mucous membrane (100%). Wheat was the inducing food in 88 patients (90.7%). After treatment with epinephrine, antihistamines and glucocorticoids, the symptoms of all patients were relieved. Conclusion: Wheat is the most common allergic food, running is the most common induced exercise, and skin and mucosal manifestations are the most common. Adrenaline and glucocorticoids are the first-line treatments for acute episodes of food dependent exercise induced allergic reactions.

Key words: food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis, wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis