中国麻风皮肤病杂志 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (11): 661-664.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

重症药疹73例临床分析

廖理超，胡白，赵政龙，张思平，蒋法兴   

  1. 安徽医科大学附属省立医院、安徽省立医院皮肤科，安徽合肥，230001
  • 出版日期:2016-11-15 发布日期:2018-12-20
  • 通讯作者: 廖理超，E-mail:llc1309@163.com

The clinical analysis of 73 cases with severe drug eruption

LIAO Lichao，HU Bai，ZHAO Zhenglong，ZHANG Siping，JIANG Faxing   

  1. Department of Dermatology，Anhui Provincial Hospital，Hefei 230001，China
  • Online:2016-11-15 Published:2018-12-20
  • Contact: LIAO Lichao，E-mail:llc1309@163.com

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摘要： 目的：分析重症药疹的致敏药物及临床特点。方法：回顾性分析我科的73例重症药疹患者的临床资料。结果：73例重症药疹中66例（90.41%）可确定致敏药物，其中抗癫痫药24例（32.88%）、抗痛风药18例（24.66%）、抗菌药12例（16.44%）和解热镇痛药7例（9.59%），占所有致敏药物的83.57%；单一致敏药物中，卡马西平（12.33%）和别嘌醇（24.66%）导致的重症药疹最为多见；重症多形红斑型药疹29例（39.73%）；糖皮质激素治疗重症药疹的总有效率为93.15%。结论：重症药疹最常见的致敏药物为抗癫痫药、抗痛风药、抗菌药和解热镇痛药，重症多形红斑型最常见,治疗首选糖皮质激素。

关键词: 重症药疹, 致敏药物

Abstract: Objective: To determine the sensitizing drugs to characterize and clinical features of severe drug eruption. Methods: The clinical data of the patients with severe drug eruptions in our department were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Out of 73 patients, the sensitizing drugs in 66 patients were determined (90.41%), including antiepileptics in 24 patients (32.88%), anti-gout drugs in 18 (24.66%), antimicrobial in 12 (16.44%) and antipyretic drugs in 7 (9.59%). accounting for 83.57% of all the sensitizing drugs. Carbamazepine (12.33%) and allopurinol (24.66%) were the most common drugs in single sensitizing drugs. Twenty-nine patients manifested as Stevens-Johnson syndrome, accounting for 39.73% of all the patients. The effective rate of glucocorticoid treatment was 93.15%. Conclusion: The most sensitizing drugs are antiepileptics, anti-gout, antimicrobial and antipyretic drugs. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is the most type of severe drug eruption. Glucocorticoid should be used as the first choice in the treatment of severe drug eruptions.

Key words: severe drug eruption, sensitizing drug