Abstract: We report a case of congenital leukemia with striking features of multiple skin lesions and review relevant literature. The newborn girl presented with peculiar widespread purple nodules. Her white blood cells (WBC) count was 284.24×109/L, and a differential count revealed immature cell accounted for 90%. Biopsy specimen from chest skin nodule showed infiltration of a large number of dense, diffuse, atypical cells in the entire dermis and extended into subcutaneous fat. Immunohistochemical stains revealed positive for CD68 and CD43. Bone marrow aspiration showed that the marrow space was packed with leukemic blasts and immature monocytes, and blasts immature monocytes accounted for about 86.5% and normal hematopoietic precursors were markedly decreased. Immunotyping of peripheral blood tumor cells showed abnormal cells accounted for 93.04%. The infant died 22 days after birth.

Key words: congenital leukemia, skin lesions, congenital leukemia cutis