Abstract: Objective: To assess the efficacy of azithromycin in the treatment of childhood eosinophilic dermatosis. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 4 children with eosinophilic dermatosis diagnosed and treated in Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2022 to January 2025. Results: Among the 4 children, there were 2 females and 2 males, with a mean age at onset of 11.5 years (range, 7-17 years) and a mean course of disease of 5.25 weeks (range, 4-8 weeks). The lower extremities were the main affected parts, with skin lesions manifested as infiltrative erythema accompanied by mild pruritus, skin tightness or a burning sensation. None of the 4 children had involvement of other systems or organs. All patients were treated with azithromycin at a dose of 10 mg/kg per day with a regimen of 3 days of administration followed by 4 days of withdrawal. Only one child experienced gastrointestinal discomfort during the treatment, which recovered spontaneously after 2 weeks. The skin lesions of all children were significantly improved after 4 weeks of treatment, indicating a therapeutic effect, and no recurrence was observed during a 6-month follow-up. Conclusions: Azithromycin is safe and effective in the treatment of childhood eosinophilic dermatosis, and it provides a new therapeutic option for children for whom long-term use of glucocorticoids is not suitable.

Key words: pediatric eosinophilic dermatosis, azithromycin