中国麻风皮肤病杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 305-310.doi: 10.12144/zgmfskin202604305

• 综述 • 上一篇    

小分子及靶向药物治疗中重度斑秃新进展

李筱娴1,2,曹楠1,2,陈熙1,2,刘国艳1,2   

  1. 1山东第一医科大学附属皮肤病医院,山东济南，250022; 2山东省皮肤病性病防治研究所，山东济南，250022
  • 出版日期:2026-04-15 发布日期:2026-04-09

Update of small molecule drugs and targeted therapies for moderate-to-severe alopecia areata

LI Xiaoxian1,2, CAO Nan1,2, CHEN Xi1,2, LIU Guoyan1,2   

  1. 1 Dermatology Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250022, China; 2 Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250022, China
  • Online:2026-04-15 Published:2026-04-09

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摘要： 近年来，小分子药物与靶向生物制剂通过特异性干预免疫通路，越来越多应用于脱发类疾病的治疗。本文基于当前临床研究，系统评价了各类小分子药物及靶向生物制剂治疗中重度斑秃的临床疗效与安全特征。通过整合最新临床试验及真实世界数据，深入分析了两类药物在治疗应答、复发情况及长期耐受性方面的异同，更阐明了作为新型疗法的潜力，并推动未来精准治疗发展。

关键词: 斑秃, JAK抑制剂, 生物制剂, 小分子药物

Abstract: In recent years, small molecule drugs and targeted biological agents have been increasingly applied in the treatment of hair loss diseases by specifically interfering with immune pathways. Based on current clinical research, this article systematically evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety profiles of various small molecule drugs and targeted biological agents in the treatment of moderate-to-severe AA. By integrating the latest clinical trials and real-world data, it deeply analyzed the similarities and differences in treatment response, recurrence, and long-term tolerance between the two types of drugs, further clarified their potential as new therapies, and promoted the development of future precision treatment.

Key words: alopecia areata, JAK inhibitors, biologics, small molecule drugs