Abstract: Objective: To assess the implementation effectiveness of the leprosy prevention and control project of basic public health service in Wenshan Prefecture. Methods: We analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of leprosy patients from 2000 to 2023, contrasting the initial 12-year period (2000-2011) with the subsequent 12 years (2012-2023) using the χ2 test. Results: Compared to the period of 2000-2011, there was a significant decrease in the average detection rate, average prevalence rate, and grade 2 deformity ratio from 2012 to 2023 (Ps<0.05), and there was a notable increase of multibacterial type rate in new cases of leprosy (P<0.05). Conclusion: The prevention and control of leprosy of fundamental public health services facilitate early detection of leprosy patients and reduced the incidence of grade 2 deformities.

Key words: leprosy, basic public health services, effect