中国麻风皮肤病杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (8): 505-508.doi: 10.12144/zgmfskin202208505

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

浙江省1995-2020年麻风流行特征分析

杜娜,孔文明,费丽娟,吴李梅,曾凡荣,王燕敏   

  1. 浙江省皮肤病防治研究所，浙江德清，313200
  • 出版日期:2022-08-15 发布日期:2022-06-22

Epidemiological characteristics of leprosy in Zhejiang Province from 1995 to 2020

DU Na, KONG Wenming, FEI Lijuan, WU Limei, ZENG Fanrong, WANG Yanmin   

  1. Zhejiang Provincial Institute for Dermatoses Prevention and Cure, Deqing 313200, China
  • Online:2022-08-15 Published:2022-06-22

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摘要： 目的：了解1995-2020年浙江省麻风流行特征，为“十四五”麻风防治规划的制定提供可靠的依据。方法：收集整理浙江省各地上报的各类麻风疫情报表、国家麻风防治管理信息系统（LEPMIS）中浙江省1995-2020年所有新发麻风病例、可疑症状监测系统以及浙江省消除麻风病危害规划终期评估的相关资料并进行描述性流行病学分析。结果：1995-2020年浙江省新发现麻风病例493例，年平均发现率0.04/105，患病率0.19/105，均呈下降趋势；2011-2020年新发病例与1995-2010年相比，平均年龄小，户籍分布以流动人口病例为主；新发病例五级分类法以LL最多（33.87%）；联合化疗多菌型占比由72.41%上升到93.68%，平均延迟期由34.1个月降至20.7个月，早期发现比由46.71%上升到70.69%，皮肤科就诊者占比由80.56%上升到91.95%；新发病例完成治疗率89.7%，2015年后新发病例中未出现氨苯砜综合征。结论：浙江省麻风流行呈下降趋势，防治工作取得显著成效，但仍面临人口流动造成的输入性病例，导致难以发现和监测等问题，因此需继续加强麻风可疑症状监测、完善防治网络、稳定防治队伍及加强麻风核心知识的宣传，尽早发现患者，及时诊断治疗。

关键词: 浙江, 麻风, 流行趋势

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of leprosy in Zhejiang Province from 1995 to 2020, and to provide a reliable basis for the formulation of leprosy prevention and control plan in the 14th Five-year Plan. Methods: The data of leprosy in Zhejiang province were collected in all kinds of reports of leprosy epidemic situation in all areas of zhejiang province and LEPMIS as well as related data of the the plan for the elimination of leprosy hazards in Zhejiang Province, analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results: A total of 493 leprosy cases were found in Zhejiang during 1995-2020 with an average case detection rate of 0.04 per 100 000 population and the prevalence rate of 0.19 per 100 000 population, both showed a decreasing trend. Compared with 1995-2010, the average age of new cases from 2011 to 2020 was younger than before, the household registration was mainly distributed among floating population. LL was the most common among the new cases(33.87%). The proportion of multi-bacteria increased from 72.41% to 93.68%, and the average delay period decreased from 34.1 months to 20.7 months. The ratio of early detection increased from 46.71% to 70.69%, and the proportion of newly diagnosed dermatologists increased from 80.56% to 91.95%. The completion rate of treatment was 89.7%. No daspone synthesis was found in new cases after 2015. Conclusion: The epidemic characteristics of leprosy in Zhejiang province showed a downward trend, and the prevention and control work achieved remarkable results. However, it still faces the problem of imported cases caused by population movement, which makes it difficult to detect and monitor. Therefore, it is necessary to continue to strengthen the monitoring of suspected symptoms of leprosy, improve the prevention and treatment network, stabilize the prevention and treatment team and strengthen the publicity of core knowledge of leprosy, so as to detect patients as soon as possible and diagnose and treat them in time.

Key words: Zhejiang, leprosy, epidemiology