中国麻风皮肤病杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (9): 659-662.doi: 10.12144/zgmfskin202509659

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

395例新发麻风病例2级畸残情况及影响因素分析

周瑜,马功燕,陈海燕,周姣姣,陈进   

  1. 六安市疾病预防控制中心，安徽六安，237000
  • 出版日期:2025-09-15 发布日期:2025-09-08

Study on the grade 2 disability status and influencing factors in 395 newly detected leprosy cases

ZHOU Yu, MA Gongyan, CHEN Haiyan, ZHOU Jiaojiao, CHEN Jin   

  1. Lu'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu'an 237000, China
  • Online:2025-09-15 Published:2025-09-08

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摘要： 目的：了解新发麻风病例的2级畸残（G2D）情况及影响因素，为优化麻风防控策略提供参考依据。方法：收集六安市1954-2021年麻风新发病例的病历资料，采用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析新发麻风病例G2D的影响因素。结果：共分析395例新发麻风患者临床资料，其中G2D组（153例）与非G2D组（242例），单因素分析文化程度、延迟期、传染源、皮损数量、神经损害条数、麻风反应以及麻风类型是G2D的危险因素。Logistic回归分析示小学学历及以下、延迟期≥24个月、＞5块皮损、有麻风反应、TT型麻风是新发麻风病例发生G2D的危险因素(P＜0.05) 。结论：文化程度低、延迟期长、确诊时多皮损、麻风反应、TT型麻风病例致残风险高，应针对性采取防治措施，降低畸残率。

关键词: 麻风, 畸残率, 影响因素, 麻风类型

Abstract: Objective: To understand the status of grade 2 disability (G2D) in newly detected leprosy cases and its influencing factors, so as to provide a reference for optimizing leprosy prevention and control strategies. Methods: Medical records of newly detected leprosy cases in Lu'an City from 1954 to 2021 were collected. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of G2D in newly detected leprosy cases. Results: A total of 395 newly detected leprosy patients were analyzed, including 153 cases in the G2D group and 242 cases in the non-G2D group. Univariate analysis showed that educational level, delay period, source of infection, number of skin lesions, number of nerve damage, leprosy reactions, and leprosy type were risk factors for G2D. Logistic regression analysis indicated that primary school education or below, a delay period of ≥24 months, more than 5 skin lesions, presence of leprosy reactions, and TT-type leprosy were risk factors for G2D in newly detected leprosy cases (P＜0.05). Conclusion: Leprosy cases with low educational level, long delay period, multiple skin lesions at diagnosis, leprosy reactions, and TT-type leprosy have a high risk of disability. Targeted prevention and control measures should be taken to reduce the disability rate.

Key words: leprosy, rate of disability, influencing factors, leprosy type