中国麻风皮肤病杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (9): 639-641.doi: 10.12144/zgmfskin202609639

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

49例麻风患者2级畸残危险因素分析

马进良1,汪亮1，2,郭亚梅1,汪思言1   

  1. 1甘肃省两当疗养院，甘肃陇南，742400；2甘肃省徽县人民医院，甘肃陇南，742300
  • 出版日期:2026-09-15 发布日期:2026-09-02

Risk factors for grade 2 disability in 49 leprosy patients

MA Jinliang1, WANG Liang1，2, GUO Yamei1, WANG Siyan1   

  1. 1 Liangdang Sanatorium of Gansu Province, Longnan 742400, China; 2 People's Hospital of Huixian County, Longnan 742300, China
  • Online:2026-09-15 Published:2026-09-02

PDF (PC)

11

摘要： 目的：明确麻风患者诊断延迟、麻风反应与2级畸残的相关性，为优化临床诊疗、降低畸残发生率提供依据。方法：回顾性分析2016年1月至2023年12月甘肃省两当疗养院49例麻风患者临床资料，收集人口学、分型、诊断延迟、细菌指数、麻风反应、畸残分级指标，采用二元Logistic回归筛选2级畸残独立危险因素。结果：49例中男29例、女20例，平均诊断延迟5.8年，2级畸残发生率32.65%。单因素分析显示诊断延迟＞5年、LL型、BI≥3.0、合并麻风反应与2级畸残显著相关（P＜0.05）。多因素回归显示诊断延迟＞5年（OR=5.114，95% CI：1.532～17.086）、BI≥3.0（OR=3.374，95% CI：1.062～10.712）及合并麻风反应（OR=3.297，95% CI：1.071～10.157）为2级畸残独立危险因素（均P＜0.05）。结论：诊断延迟过长、高细菌负荷、麻风反应是2级畸残的独立危险因素，早期筛查、缩短确诊延误、及时干预麻风反应有助于降低重度畸残发生率。

关键词: 麻风, 诊断延迟, 麻风反应, 2级畸残, 危险因素

Abstract: Objective: To explore the correlation of diagnostic delay, lepra reaction and grade 2 disability in leprosy patients. Methods: Clinical data of 49 leprosy patients admitted to Liangdang Sanatorium of Gansu Province from January 2016 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic information, clinical classification, diagnostic delay, bacterial index, lepra reaction and disability grade were compared, and binary Logistic regression was adopted to screen independent risk factors for grade 2 disability. Results: Among 49 cases, 29 were males and 20 females, the average diagnostic delay was 5.8 years, and grade 2 disability rate was 32.65%. Univariate analysis showed diagnostic delay ＞5 years, LL type, BI≥3.0 and lepra reaction were significantly associated with grade 2 disability (all P＜0.05). Multivariate regression demonstrated that diagnostic delay ＞5 years (OR=5.114, 95%CI: 1.532-17.086), BI≥3.0 (OR=3.374, 95%CI: 1.062-10.712) and lepra reaction (OR=3.297, 95%CI: 1.071-10.157) were independent risk factors (all P＜0.05). Conclusion: Prolonged diagnostic delay, high bacterial load and lepra reaction are independent risk factors for grade 2 disability. Early identification, shortened diagnostic delay and timely treatment of lepra reaction may reduce severe disability.

Key words: leprosy, diagnostic delay, lepra reaction, grade 2 disability, risk factors