Abstract: Objective: To detect the expression level of prolactin (PRL) and its receptors (PRLR) in the patients with condyloma acuminatum (CA). Methods: The level of PRL in peripheral blood of 40 patients (20 males and 20 females) with CA and 40 healthy controls (20 males and 20 females) was detected by chemiluminescence method. The expression of PRLR was detected by immunohistochemistry in the lesions of 40 patients and 20 foreskin samples. Results: The expression level of PRL in 20 male patients and 20 male controls were 9.24±4.68 ng/mL and 8.42±3.83 ng/mL, with no significant difference (P>0.05). The expression level of PRL in 20 female patients and 20 female controls were 14.62±6.23 ng/mL and 12.42±5.46 ng/mL, with no significant difference (P>0.05).  The cell positivity rates of PRLR in the lesions and foreskin samples were 97.50% and 80.00%, with a significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion: The  over-expression of PRL may promot the proliferation of epidermal keratinocytes and vascular endothelial cell proliferation, resulting in the formation of the warts. 

Key words: condyloma acuminatum, prolactin, prolactin receptor