关键词: 麻风, 流行特征, 汉中

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the epidemic characteristics of leprosy, and provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control measures in the future. Methods: The data of leprosy cases were collected in Hanzhong City from 2010 to 2022, and conduct descriptive analysis on the incidence rate, new incidence rate, recurrence rate, patient gender, age, occupation, region, mode of discovery, and source of infection. Results: From 2010 to 2022, a total of 88 leprosy patients were found in Hanzhong City, including 79 new cases and 9 relapses. The average annual detection rate was 0.20/106, and the average annual prevalence rate was 0.86/106. The number of new cases and incidence rate have shown a decreasing trend year by year, except for a slight rebound in 2014. The highest number of cases occurred in Yangxian and Ningqiang counties, followed by Chenggu and Mian counties.The gender ratio of newly diagnosed cases is 2.59∶1, with an average onset age of 47.94±13.12 years old. The majority of cases are middle-aged, mainly farmers. Multi bacterial type accounted for 97.47%, MB: PB was 38.5∶1, and the second grade deformity rate was 40.51%. The average diagnosis delay was 65.73 months. The main detection methods were found in dermatology (48.10%), self reported, and other reported cases (34.18%). The source of infection was unknown, accounting for 63.29%, and family transmitted cases accounted for 29.11%. Conclusion: The incidence of leprosy in Hanzhong City has been decreasing year by year from 2010 to 2022, and is currently in a low prevalence state. New cases have long diagnostic delays, high disability rates, and unknown sources of infection. It is necessary to strengthen leprosy health education, symptom monitoring, strengthen case discovery, shorten the diagnosis delay period, reduce the disability ratio.

Key words: leprosy, epidemiological characteristics, Hanzhong