中国麻风皮肤病杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 321-325.doi: 10.12144/zgmfskin202405321

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2001-2020年甘肃省麻风不同防治阶段新发病例流行病学特征分析

孙丽姣,冯淑梅,吴珊,张宏茂   

  1. 甘肃省疾病预防控制中心，甘肃兰州，730020
  • 出版日期:2024-05-15 发布日期:2024-04-19

Epidemiological characteristics of new leprosy at different control periods in Gansu Province from 2001 to 2020

SUN Lijiao, FENG Shumei, WU Shan, ZHANG Hongmao   

  1. Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and prevention, Lanzhou 730020, China
  • Online:2024-05-15 Published:2024-04-19

PDF (PC)

72

摘要： 目的：对2001-2020年甘肃省不同防治阶段麻风新发病例流行病学特征进行分析，为本地区麻风预防控制策略和措施提供参考依据。方法：回顾性对比分析描述“2001-2005年麻风防治规划”（“十五”期间）、“2006-2010年麻风防治规划”（“十一五”期间）、“甘肃省消除麻风危害规划（2011-2020年）”（“十年规划”期间）不同防治阶段甘肃省麻风新发病例资料。结果：2001-2020年甘肃省不同防治阶段共新发麻风例117例，年均发现率为0.022/105，总体呈现下降趋势（AAPC=-3.276，P<0.05），局部呈锯齿状分布。“十五”期间年均发现率显著高于“十一五”（Z=-2.227, P=0.026）、2011-2015年（Z=-2.552,P=0.008）、2016-2020年（Z=-2.207，P=0.032）期间。儿童病例占总新发病例的3.42%，在三个防治阶段中均有发现。15~40岁病例呈现下降趋势（χ2趋势=10.583,P=0.001），41~64岁病例呈现上升趋势（χ2趋势=6.897,P=0.009），其他均无明显变化趋势。具体发现方式中皮肤科就诊发现显著上升（χ2趋势=16.108,P=0.000），其他趋势均无明显变化。“十年规划”期间2016-2020年期间Ⅱ级畸残比为64.0%，明显高于其他两个阶段（χ2=15.875, P＜0.05）。结论：2001-2020年不同防治阶段甘肃省麻风发现率总体呈现下降趋势，但新发病例高龄化、长延迟期、高畸残仍然十分突出，需持续加强麻风早期发现工作。

关键词: 麻风, 新发病例, 不同防治阶段, 流行特征

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of new leprosy at different control periods in Gansu Province from 2001 to 2020, and provide a reference for leprosy prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods: The data of new leprosy in Gansu Province during three different prevention and control stages: the “2001-2005 Leprosy Prevention and Control Strategy” (the 10th Five-Year Plan period), the “2006-2010 Leprosy Prevention and Control Strategy” (the 11th Five-Year Plan period), and the “Gansu Province Leprosy Hazard Elimination Plan (2011-2020)” (the ten-year leprosy risk elimination period) were retrospective analyzed. Results: From 2001 to 2020, a total of 117 newly detected leprosy cases in different control periods were reported in Gansu Province, with an average detection rate of 0.022/105 . The detection rate showed a significant downward trend (AAPC=-3.276，P<0.05), and the local distribution was serrated. The average detection rate in the the 10th Five-Year Plan period was significantly higher than that in the the 11th Five-Year Plan period (Z=-2.227, P=0.026) , 2011-2015 (Z=-2.552,P=0.008）and 2016-2020（Z=-2.207，P=0.032）periods. 3.42% patients were children, and they have been found in different control period. The age group of 15-40 years old showed a significant downward trend (χ2trend=10.583, P=0.001), while the age group 41-64 years old showed an significant upward trend (χ2trend=6.897, P=0.009), and there was no significant change in other age groups. In terms of the concrete discovery methods, outpatient discovery in dermatology department increased significantly (χ2trend=16.108, P=0.000), and there was no significant change in other discovery methods. The rate of gradeⅡdeformity was 64.0% during the ten-year leprosy risk elimination period, which was significantly higher than that in the other two stages (χ2=15.875, P<0.05). Conclusion: The overall incidence of leprosy in Gansu Province during different control periods from 2001 to 2020 showed a significant downward trend, but new cases of aging, long delay period, and high disability of new cases are still prominent. It is necessary to continue to strengthen early detection of leprosy.

Key words: leprosy, news cases, different control periods, epidemiological characteristics