中国麻风皮肤病杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 314-317.doi: 10.12144/zgmfskin202605314

• 新发与再发感染性皮肤病 • 上一篇    下一篇

大同市皮肤炭疽五例临床分析

王萍1,安树伟2,刘俊1,冯育洁1,桑洁玉1,付国亮1,杨志东1   

  1. 1大同市第三人民医院皮肤科，山西大同,037008;2大同市第四人民医院皮肤科，山西大同,037006
  • 出版日期:2026-05-15 发布日期:2026-05-11

Clinical analysis of five cases with cutaneous anthrax in Datong City

WANG Ping1, AN Shuwei2, LIU Jun1, FENG Yujie1, SANG Jieyu1, FU Guoliang1, YANG Zhidong1   

  1. 1 Department of Dermatology, The Third People's Hospital of Datong, Datong 037008, China; 2 Department of Dermatology, The Fourth People's Hospital of Datong, Datong 037006, China
  • Online:2026-05-15 Published:2026-05-11

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摘要： ］5例患者为长期从事屠宰牛或买卖牛及牛副产品的农民，潜伏期为2~3天。面、颈、前臂、手等暴露部位皮肤出现直径1~3 cm的圆形、水肿性、无痛性、黑色焦痂性病变，周边有小水疱，周围组织肿胀，稍有痒感；患者1、3、5出现发热，均无呼吸道、消化道、神经系统症状，无败血症表现；患者5触及右侧腋下淋巴结肿大，患者4腹部超声提示脾大；5例患者胸部CT均未见异常，排除吸入型炭疽。实验室检测结果示2例炭疽杆菌PCR核酸阳性,4例皮肤炭疽血清抗体胶体金阳性。经过20~24天的治疗，所有患者均康复。

关键词: 皮肤炭疽, 临床表现, 预防

Abstract: All 5 patients were farmers engaged in long-term cattle slaughtering, trading, or dealing with cattle by-products, with an incubation period of 2-3 days. Cutaneous manifestations included the presence of painless, edematous, black escharotic lesions (1-3 cm in diameter) on exposed skin areas such as the hands, forearms, face, and neck, surrounded by small blisters and accompanied by localized tissue swelling and mild pruritus. Among them, Patients 1, 3, and 5 presented with fever; none of the patients exhibited respiratory, gastrointestinal, or neurological symptoms, nor did they show signs of sepsis. Physical examination revealed right axillary lymphadenopathy in Patient 5, and abdominal ultrasonography indicated splenomegaly in Patient 4. Chest computed tomography (CT) scans of all 5 patients showed no abnormalities, thus ruling out inhalational anthrax.Laboratory findings demonstrated positive results for Bacillus anthracis PCR nucleic acid tests in 2 cases, and positive results for colloidal gold-based serological antibody tests for cutaneous anthrax in 4 cases. All patients achieved full recovery following 20-24 days of treatment.

Key words: cutaneous anthrax, clinical manifestations, prophylaxis