Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of abrocitinib in treating prurigo phenotype moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 15 patients diagnosed with prurigo phenotype moderate-to-severe AD who visited our department from March 2023 to April 2024. All patients received abrocitinib 100 mg/d for 16 weeks and were followed up for 6 months. The Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI), Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA), Numerical Rating Scale for Itch (NRS), and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) were analyzed at weeks 0, 4, 8, and 16 of treatment. Additionally, eosinophil counts and serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels were measured. Adverse reactions during the treatment period were documented. Results: After 16 weeks of treatment, the EASI, IGA, NRS, and DLQI scores of the 15 patients decreased significantly (P<0.05). Baseline scores of 25.41±4.54, 4.07±0.70, 8.13±1.19, and 23.60±2.69 decreased to 6.11±2.07, 0.67±0.49, 0.67±0.62, and 2.73±1.03 (Ps＜0.05). Serum total IgE levels also significantly decreased from 675.13±483.94 IU/mL to 199.20±139.19 IU/mL (P＜0.05). Twelve patients discontinued the medication following 16 weeks of consistent treatment, and recurrence was observed within 1 to 2 months thereafter. Transient alopecia was observed in one patient, gastrointestinal reactions were noted in three patients, and mild acne was reported in two adolescent patients. No other adverse events were observed. Conclusions: Abrocitinib demonstrates significant efficacy in the treatment of prurigo phenotype moderate-to-severe AD is effetive and safe.

Key words: atopic dermatitis, prurigo, JAK inhibitor, abrocitinib