Abstract: Objective: To analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of monkeypox cases with HIV in Kunming,and to provide reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of such patients. Methods: The clinical data of 10 patients with HIV and concurrent monkeypox infection who were hospitalized at Yunnan Infectious Disease Hospital between August 2023 and December 2025. The epidemiological characteristics, clinical features, laboratory findings, treatment strategies, and clinical outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. Results: All 10 patients were male, with a median age of 35.0 (31.8, 40.8) years. Among them, 9 patients had a history of male-male sexual behavior within 21 days before the onset of the disease. The main clinical manifestations were rashes and fever. Rashes involving the anal and genital areas accounted for 100%, while those involving the face, trunk, and limbs accounted for 80%. All patients received antiretroviral therapy (ART), and the median CD4+T lymphocyte count was 511.0 (359.5,747.3) cells/μL. Syphilis serology was positive in 6 patients, among whom 2 cases were diagnosed with current syphilis infection. Conclusion: Patients with monkeypox and HIV in Kunming mainly consists of MSM. The clinical manifestations are mainly skin rashes and fever. The positivity rate of syphilis serology in patients is high. Clinicians should strengthen combined screening.

Key words: monkeypox, HIV