China Journal of Leprosy and Skin Diseases ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 450-452.doi: 10.12144/zgmfskin202606450

• Case Reports • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Dupilumab-associated ocular surface disease complicated with HSV-1 and Staphylococcus aureus infection: a case report

WU Mengwei1, LIU Peize1, LI Haoyuan1, CHEN Hanxiang2, ZHI Lili1   

  1. 1 Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, China; 2 Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
  • Online:2026-06-15 Published:2026-06-04

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Abstract: Dupilumab is an important biologic agent for the treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD). Its common adverse reaction is dupilumab-associated ocular surface disease (DAOSD), which is predominantly non-infectious inflammation. Herein, we report a 7-year-old boy with AD who presented with erythema and swelling of the eyelid margin complicated with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and Staphylococcus aureus infection after 3 months of dupilumab therapy. After topical antiviral and antibacterial therapy as well as short-term drug discontinuation, the skin lesions completely resolved, with no recurrence after drug resumption. This case indicates that DAOSD-associated local immune and barrier dysregulation of the ocular surface increases susceptibility to viral and bacterial infections. Clinically, strengthened infection monitoring and early intervention are warranted.

Key words: DAOSD, atopic dermatitis, HSV-1, Staphylococcus aureus