中国麻风皮肤病杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (7): 494-498.doi: 10.12144/zgmfskin202607494

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

斑秃患者血清Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg细胞因子的表达及其临床意义

吴恺悦1,2,张兆升1,2,李筱娴1,2,于功奇1,2,刘国艳1,2   

  1. 1山东第一医科大学附属皮肤病医院，山东济南,250022；2山东省皮肤病性病防治研究所，山东济南,250022
  • 出版日期:2026-07-15 发布日期:2026-06-29

Expression of serum Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg cytokines in patients with alopecia areata and its clinical significance

WU Kaiyue1,2, ZHANG Zhaosheng1,2, LI Xiaoxian1,2, YU Gongqi1,2, LIU Guoyan1,2   

  1. 1 Dermatology Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250022, China; 2 Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250022, China
  • Online:2026-07-15 Published:2026-06-29

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摘要： 目的：分析斑秃患者外周血Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg相关12种细胞因子的表达及其与斑秃严重程度、活动度和病程等因素的相关性，探讨其在斑秃发病中的临床价值。方法：回顾性分析193例斑秃患者治疗前外周血Th1、Th2、Th17和Treg相关细胞因子水平，包括IL-1β、IL-2、IL-4、IL-5、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、IL-12p70、IL-17、IFN-α、IFN-γ及TNF-α的表达量。根据脱发严重程度评价工具(SALT)将斑秃患者分为轻度、中度和重度，探讨斑秃患者外周血细胞因子变化的临床价值，分析不同严重程度、活动期与稳定期、病程＜6个月与≥6个月等因素与血清细胞因子水平的相关性。结果：在检测的12种细胞因子中，IL-2、IL-5、IL-6和IL-17 4种细胞因子的浓度升高，活动期斑秃患者IL-6表达水平高于稳定期患者，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。IL-6与疾病活动情况呈正相关(r=0.19, P＜0.05)。斑秃患者治疗后IL-2、IL-5和IL-17浓度均低于治疗前，差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.05)。结论：活动期斑秃患者血清IL-6水平显著升高且与疾病活动性呈正相关，提示IL-6可作为评估疾病活动的潜在标志物。患者血清IL-2、IL-5、IL-6及IL-17水平的上调，证实了Th1、Th2、Th17及Treg细胞因子网络的失衡参与了斑秃的发病机制及临床进展。

关键词: 斑秃, 细胞因子, 白介素

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the expression of 12 cytokines related to Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg in the peripheral blood of patients with alopecia areata and their correlation with the severity, activity, and course of alopecia areata, and to explore their clinical value in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata. Methods: The levels of Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg cytokines in the peripheral blood of 193 patients with alopecia areata who were retrospectively collected, including the expression levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17, IFN-α, IFN-γ, and TNF-α. According to the Severity of Alopecia areata Tool (SALT), patients with alopecia areata were divided into mild, moderate, and severe, and the clinical value of peripheral blood cytokine changes in alopecia areata was discussed, and the correlation between different severity, active and stable period, disease course ＜ 6 months and ≥ 6 months and serum cytokine levels were statistically analyzed. Results: Among the 12 cytokines detected, the concentrations of four cytokines, IL-2, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-17, were significantly increased, and the expression level of IL-6 in patients with active alopecia areata was significantly higher than that in patients with a stable stage, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). IL-6 was positively correlated with disease activity (r=0.19, P＜0.05). The concentrations of IL-2, IL-5, and IL-17 in patients with alopecia areata were significantly lower than those before treatment (all P＜0.05). Conclusion: The serum IL-6 level in patients with active alopecia areata is significantly elevated and positively correlated with disease activity, suggesting that IL-6 can be used as a potential marker for assessing disease activity. The upregulation of serum IL-2, IL-5, IL-6 and IL-17 levels in patients confirms that the imbalance of the Th17 and Treg cytokine network is involved in the pathogenesis and clinical progression of alopecia areata.

Key words: alopecia areata, cytokines, interleukin