Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of oral itraconazole capsules in the treatment of infantile hemangioma (IH) based on a six-case series. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on six infants diagnosed with IH who received oral itraconazole capsules at a dosage of 5 mg/(kg·d) at our institution. Patients were followed up regularly. Lesion changes before and after treatment were evaluated using the Hemangioma Activity Score (HAS). The HAS improvement index was calculated, and overall clinical efficacy was graded according to the percentage thresholds of the classic Achauer grading system. Furthermore, a comprehensive literature review regarding the use of itraconazole for IH was performed. Results: Six children were enrolled, including 1 male and 5 females; 5 cases were classified as superficial type, and 1 case as mixed type. The tumors were located on the extremities in 4 cases, and 2 cases presented with disseminated lesions. The age at the initiation of treatment ranged from 1.67 to 4.27 months. For the effective cases, the time to significant improvement ranged from 6 to 16 weeks, and the treatment duration ranged from 9 to 26 weeks. Ultimately, the treatment proved effective in 5 cases, yielding a total effective rate of 83.3% (5/6). Regular monitoring of blood routine and liver function during the treatment period revealed no significant abnormalities. Conclusion: Oral administration of itraconazole capsules represents an effective and well-tolerated therapeutic option for infantile hemangioma, with no notable adverse events observed.

Key words: infantile hemangioma, itraconazole