中国麻风皮肤病杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (9): 614-616.doi: 10.12144/zgmfskin202209614

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

1965-2020年西藏麻风流行情况分析

王健,小扎西,罗布卓玛   

  1. 西藏自治区疾病预防控制中心，拉萨，850000
  • 出版日期:2022-09-15 发布日期:2022-07-13

Epidemiological analysis of Leprosy in Tibet from 1965 to 2020

WANG Jian, Xiaozhaxi, Luobuzhuoma   

  1. Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, China
  • Online:2022-09-15 Published:2022-07-13

PDF (PC)

182

摘要： 目的：分析西藏自治区麻风流行情况，为制定新的防治策略提供科学依据。 方法：对西藏1965-2020年麻风防治工作的历史资料和流行病学资料进行收集，汇总整理后进行描述性分析。 结果：1965-2020年全区共累计新发麻风患者4135例，发现率由最高年份1988年的22.07/105下降到2020年的 0.05/105；患病率由最高年份1981年的6.04/104下降至2020年的0.04/104。昌都市和林芝市占新发病例的79.59%；病例平均发现年龄为29.27岁；男女比为1.39:1；儿童病例202例，儿童占比4.89%，其中2011-2020年间有3例儿童病例；多菌型2390例，少菌型1745例，多菌型占比为57.80%；2级畸残率从1965-1970年的20.81%下降至2011-2020年的15.63%，呈下降趋势。结论：西藏麻风流行状态总体呈下降趋势，但还存在儿童麻风病例及畸残患者，需继续强化麻风的早期诊断和治疗，缩短诊断延迟期，降低畸残率。

关键词: 西藏, 麻风, 流行情况

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the epidemiological situation of leprosy in Tibet Autonomous Region from 1965 to 2020, to provide scientific basis for formulating new prevention and control strategies. Methods: Historical and epidemiological data on leprosy prevention and treatment in Tibet from 1965-2020 were collected for descriptive analysis. Results: There were a total of 4135 new leprosy cases in the region from 1965 to 2020, and the annual detection rate decreased from 22.07/100,000 in 1988, the highest annual detection rate, to 0.05/100,000 in 2020. The annual prevalence rate decreased from 6.04/10,000 in 1981, the highest annual prevalence rate, to 0.038/10,000 in 2020. Changdu and Nyingchi accounted for 79.59% of the new cases. The mean age of cases was 29.27 years old. The ratio of male to female was 1.39:1. There were 202 (4.89%) children cases, including 3 case in 2011 to 2020. The type ratio was 1.37:1. The grade 2 disability ratio showed a decreasing trend, which decreased from 20.81% to 15.36%. Conclusion: The prevention of leprosy in Tibet over the past 56 years is generally declining, but there are leprosy cases in children case and patients with grade 2 disability. Early diagnosis and treatment of leprosy need to be strengthen in order to shorten diagnostic delay of and reduce the disability ratio.

Key words: Tibet, leprosy, epidemiological situation